Mandela, Winnie –
South African political activist
At a Glance&#x;
Antiapartheid Activities Jeopardized Family Life
A Striking Symbol of Defiance
Banned and Imprisoned
Launched Social Programs
Legal Difficulties Tarnished Reputation
No Regrets and an Abundance of Hope
Selected writings
Sources
As the wife of African National Congress (ANC) leader Nelson Mandela, Winnie Mandela is widely recognized throughout the world as a symbol for the political goals and ideals of the black people of South Africa. She has, at various times, been either highly revered or severely criticized by her fellow citizens and has suffered numerous punishments for her protests against apartheid&#x;South Africa&#x;s system of enforced racial inequality that denies political rights to the country&#x;s black majority. In the years since , Winnie Mandela has been detained, imprisoned, harassed, and threatened by government authorities; she was held in detention for more than two years and was banned &#x;denied certain personal freedoms and forced to live in an appointed location&#x;for almost 27 years. She coped with a long separation from her husband, whose life sentence in prison fo
Winnie Madikizela- Mandela ( )
Winnie Mandela was the former wife of South African President Nelson Mandela and former leader of the African National Congress (ANC) Women’s League. Born in the village of Mbongweni in South Africa’s Eastern Cape Province in , Mandela traveled throughout South Africa during her youth and managed to attend school despite strict apartheid measures. She earned a degree in social work from the Jan Hofmeyer School in Johannesburg, and despite the opportunity to continue her studies in America, accepted a position as a social worker at the Baragwanath Hospital in Johannesburg, where she was the first qualified black medical social worker. She eventually studied at the University of Witwatersrand, and earned a bachelor’s degree in international relations.
Much of Mandela’s interest in racial politics began while she served at the hospital and conducted research into infant mortality rates in the nearby Alexandra Townships. She met her future husband Nelson Mandela in while he was standing trial for treason because of his civil disobedience campaigns in the early s. The two were married in , and their daughters Zenani and Zinzi were born in and , respec
Obituary: Winnie Madikizela-Mandela of South Africa
From prison, Mr Mandela continued to support his wife.
In , after his release, she was charged with the assault and kidnapping of Stompie and one of her bodyguards was charged with his murder.
She denied the allegations but was found guilty of kidnapping and sentenced to six years imprisonment.
This was reduced to a fine by an appeal court.
Her marriage to Mr Mandela broke down in the years after his release and they were divorced in
President Mandela accused her of adultery, and in the same year, dismissed her as deputy minister of arts and culture - the only post she has held in government since white minority rule ended.
Her split from Mr Mandela did little to harm her political standing among poor, black South Africans who saw her as their voice at a time when the ANC had adopted pro-business policies.
But at the same time she became known for an increasingly lavish lifestyle, arriving to testify at Truth and Reconciliation Commission hearings in a white Mercedes limousine surrounded by bodyguards.
In , Ms Madikizela-Mandela suffered another blow when a court convicted her of fraud and theft in connection with a
Winnie Madikizela-Mandela: A life of struggle
Even the name given to Winnie Madikizela-Mandela at birth — Nomzamo, "one who undergoes trials" — foretold a life of struggle.
During her nearly year marriage to Nelson Mandela, she fought for black majority rule even as she vowed to escape the shadow of the great man.
And although many South Africans called her the "Mother of the Nation," she would become engulfed in criminal convictions and scandals.
Madikizela-Mandela died Monday in a Johannesburg hospital at the age of 81 after a long illness, her family announced.
Over the years, Madikizela-Mandela became a symbol of the suffering caused by South Africa's system of white minority rule known as apartheid and became a force against it, ultimately serving as a member of parliament.
She and her husband began a family before Nelson Mandela went underground and then was imprisoned for more than a quarter-century. Left with two young daughters, Madikizela-Mandela was persecuted by police and banished to a remote town where neighbours were forbidden to speak with her.
As Nelson Mandela emerged from 27 years in prison seeking reconciliation
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